Friday, December 25, 2020

'Gorillas In The Mist' researcher Dian Fossey and her Protégés offer hope to Bigfoot researchers

Editor's Note: According to the excellent kids book Looking for Bigfoot, "Dian Fossey, world-famous expert on gorillas, says on TV that she believes the Patterson [Bigfoot] film, along with other evidence, calls for a major study of the giant ape-man."


Before You Reject Another Bigfoot “Evidence” Photo, Know This
Objectivity and Faces In The Brush?

Bigfoot investigators have the monumental task of sifting through piles of potential evidence submitted to them by people from all walks of life.  Breaking down blurry videos and “blobsquatch” photos are a big part of their everyday life. And they do all this very diligently, all while tolerating a certain amount of ridicule from skeptics and non-believers at the same time. It’s not an easy job. And then, there are differences of opinion on the same bits of evidence. Is it real? Is it a reasonable case of mistaken identity.  Is it a hoax?

And every once in a while, I throw something into the mix to try and make us think a little bit harder about everything we’re thinking.  And I was doing a random internet search on related topics just to see what I could find.  And I came across the photo below.
And what do you think this is? Another bad supposed Bigfoot photo that needs red circles on it to tell us where we need to be looking?



No, this photo came from the blog of Gorilla Doctors. They are a veterinary group that has been working on helping and ultimately saving the lives of mountain gorillas since the project was first envisioned by gorilla researcher, Dian Fossey in 1984 in Rwanda, Uganda, and the Democratic Republic of Congo.  Dian Fossey, a real life researcher, was featured in the renowned movie about the poaching of mountain gorillas called Gorillas In The Mist.  She was murdered trying to protect them.

But her legacy lives on with Gorilla Doctors along with a group of very reliable researchers. And they claim there are at least seven or eight mountain gorillas in this photo.  And if Dian Fossey were alive today and told us the same thing, would we believe her?

In the Bigfoot community, we speculate and debate about how a creature can hide so well, and there are hundreds of these types of photos submitted as photographic evidence. And I’ll be the first to admit I’ve groaned and rolled my eyes more than a few times when I see these.  And Bigfoot skeptics like to try and rip the submitters of these types of photos to shreds.
Is it fair? Sometimes and sometimes not.

As I’ve said many times about Bigfoot, just because you can’t see something doesn’t necessarily mean it’s not there. But to many people, seeing is believing.  And that’s the only way they’ll believe. But what if reliable researchers or even scientists tell you something’s there, but you just can’t see it.  Is it any less “there?”

This photo could have easily been submitted to National Geographic magazine and casually described as illustrating how well mountain gorillas hide in the brush. But if someone submits the same types of photos and claims they are Sasquatches hiding, then there’s a problem. And the angry debate begins.

So what’s the difference?

 The difference is gorillas are not cryptids. They are known to exist by science. Sasquatches are not…yet.

Now, I’m not saying that we should buy into every photo like this that we see. The Crypto Crew rejects 99.9 percent of photos and videos as fake or mistaken identity.  Because it’s our responsibility to scrutinize every piece of potential evidence and go over everything with a fine- tooth comb.  But what I am saying, and what I’m always saying is that we always need to be objective and sharp and open-minded in what we do. And sometimes that means taking something we don’t necessarily like at first and giving it a second look. And check the story behind it.  And someday, after we’ve proved Bigfoot exists, we’ll look back at some of these old Bigfoot photos and laugh about how we didn’t believe them because we couldn’t see what someone else swore was there. ********DF

Sunday, August 30, 2020

Mount Saint Helens/Jeff Meldrum Bigfoot Cover Up Conspiracy?

Editor's Note: For what it's worth, I sent Meldrum possible hair samples he said he was interested in testing and he stopped responding to my emails after twice saying he was busy and hadn't gotten around to it after further status update inquiries from me.

LIVE Stream #1: The Bigfoot Academic, Dr. Jeff Meldrum
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uKsJ21PtUhM

Comments regarding his dismissive comments regarding Melba Ketchum's Sasquatch DNA research:

Jeffrey Kalb 4 months ago (edited) If Melba Ketchum's work is so poor, why is it that so few of her critics have tried to do it correctly? Certainly, there is more to be learned from DNA at this point than from looking at the thousand and oompteenth footprint. I don't get the animosity in the Sasquatch community, which seems to be based more on people than science. JDsModernMartialArts 4 months ago Jeffrey Kalb I was disappointed in his response about Dr. Ketchum. Over 100 samples of DNA that were blind tested by different respected labs in this and other countries seem pretty difficult to argue against.Erin gemini 3 months ago (edited) Wow! I am SO disappointed at what Dr. Meldrum said about Dr.Ketchum/ Sasquatch Genome Project! It is obvious that he did not work with Dr. Ketchum at all in that project, OR, he was told by the powers that be to tarnish and discredit every aspect of the research. Also, he completely misunderstood everything she said about Lemurs, as well as the reason(s) that the results of the SGP had to be published in a scientific journal that she was basically forced to purchase. The findings of the Sasquatch Genome Project were PEER REVIEWED AS WELL AS ACCEPTED by those peers/ academics that were NOT told WHAT they were reviewing. That is how it is done for ALL peer reviews, because you don't want to influence the opinions of the people reviewing your scientific analysis!!! Unfortunately, exactly 5 minutes BEFORE THE PRESS CONFERENCE (That was going to announce the findings of this 5-year project). They were going to ANNOUNCE that SASQUATCH EXIST! The Peer reviewers pulled out just 5 mins before the announcement was going to be given, because, they thought it would blemish the reputation of their journal. So Dr. Ketchum was forced to purchase those results, to purchase the results, you have to purchase the entire journal!! Also, based on the answers he is giving to SO many questions, he is trying to" straddle in the middle of the road" he does not want to seem to take sides! If you go back, and listen to this interview, a 2nd time, pretending like an F.B.I. guy or M.I.B. is holding a gun to Dr. Meldrum's head, and silently signaling for him to answer "correctly"- I think you will be able to see what I mean....Until now, I never really wondered HOW it is that Dr. M is able to keep his job at Idaho State, and at the same time, talk about Sasquatch as openly as he does. I'm an Archaeology student. I created a Sasquatch website in our Website design class. I was extremely surprised at the reaction of my instructor, rolling his eyes, making faces, and cutting off my presentation before I was 1/2 way through. That being said, my college is also a State University...how is it that Dr. Meldrum does not get ousted, he is supported by the section of the government that is in charge of things like; 1. Discrediting Sasquatch Genome Sequencing 2. Confiscating, collecting, Exterminating Any and ALL Sasquatch, and/or their bodies. Theres stories of the military up at Mt. St. Helens collecting Sasquatch bodies, "talking" to civilians about Sasquatch and what they saw( this branch of the govt, not "talks" to Sasquatch witnesses at disaster areas, but all witnesses of them in every area). Even before the Pandemic happened the U.S. Government was struggling financially. Can you imagine, without the income from State & National parks, it would be a disaster,(and again, that was before the Pandemic)!! I'm glad to see the REAL Dr. Meldrum, bummer, I thought he was on Sasquatch's side!!😔Grammy 3G 4 months ago (edited) The government has had plenty of specimens, when Mt. St. Helens blew it killed thousands of wildlife including bigfoot of which was taken away. And there are shadow groups that thin out the population especially ones that infringe on suburban communities. There is a covert operation not known to the public. The government out shoots have shadow groups out there even from other countries that are called in to control certain problem areas. Even the green beret have been called in, during serious searches of children.

End of comments.




Proof a Bigfoot Creature Lives in the Mount St Helens area of Washington State

COAST TO COAST AM. Mitchel Townsend reported on his research paper (selected images) which he believes proves that a Bigfoot-like creature resides in the Mount St. Helens area of Washington state. In 2013, he came upon a stack of deer bones, and noticed they had giant teeth marks notched into them-- the markings did not fit any predator profile and were too large to have been made by humans. Further, large footprints with a length of 16 inches were found near the bones. Extrapolating the teeth and footprint measurements, Townsend concluded that the creature is around 8 ½ feet tall, with a wide stride.


Proof a Bigfoot Creature Lives in the Mount St Helens area of Washington State

Biography:



Mitchel Townsend recently co-authored a scientific paper which he says definitively proves the existence of an unidentified Bigfoot-like creature in the Mount St. Helen's area of Washington state. Their conclusions are confirmed, verified and have not been disproven or even questioned by the 30 PhD’s that they have sent it to for analysis. Additionally, he has taught two ground breaking "Bigfoot" courses at the college level.
Professor Townsend specializes in designing accelerated digital learning environments for adult learners in higher education and organizational training settings. He is a Presidential and International Honors Scholar with degrees from the University of Puget Sound (BA), Pepperdine Graduate School of Education and Psychology (MA), and has almost completed an (EdD) from the University of Calgary’s, Graduate Division of Educational Research focused upon creating global learning communities supported and augmented by social networking structures.

WEBSITES:

BOOKS:


If there was no Mount Saint Helens conspiracy then it begs the question of what Meldrum's explanation for Bigfoot bodies not being found after the eruption is. Clyde Lewis stated on his radio show recently that after the eruption activity all but ceased there for awhile, but has resumed to some extent again. There is much evidence Sasquatch exist there, so absent surviving ones running around after the disaster and collecting the bodies before investigators got on the scene there doesn't seem to be a good explanation. Which is more likely?

Wednesday, June 10, 2020

REAL LIFE PREDATOR LIKE CREATURES! Unexplained disappearances, Strange Invisible Entities Missing 411 Connection?





“PREDATOR” IN THE FOREST
or
JAN’S WEIRD EXPERIENCE



It was Wednesday, September 29, the next to last day in September and hunting season (for deer) in Ohio was just a 4 days old.  The day started  cool and damp then became a beautiful, warm day with a nice sunset.  Jan was anxious to begin hunting.  Her method of hunting consisted of waiting and watching while seated in a “tree stand.” The seat of her stand is at the top of a 15 ft ladder.  Her seat is in the northwestern corner of a many-acre wood that is surrounded by large planted fields and low density residential areas.  Her seat faces the east and is surrounded by on all sides by trees.

She didn't hunt in the morning but she did climb up the 15 ft to the seat to test the newly installed bow hanger. She took a picture of her bow hanging from the bow hanger. She took the picture (and other pictures below) with her Blackberry "Pearl", Model 8130 camera phone. The phone records the date and time of each picture, the spatial resolution (number of pixels horizontal and vertical) and the total "byte" size of the each picture file.

BOW AND HOLDER PHOTOGRAPHED FROM THE TREE STAND
SEPT 29, 2010  AT 10:14 AM   resolution 1024x768 (404 kb)

Jan had a strange experience while in the trees in the late afternoon and evening. 

She went to her tree stand at about 5:30 and sat.  A squirrel was dropping nut pieces on her head and animals, birds and crickets were moving and making noise.  To occupy her time she was “texting” with her phone (a means of silent communication).   At about 6:21 PM she decided to photograph herself in the tree stand.  She was facing east with the sun at her back.  She held the camera above and to her left.  The sun was behind her, low in the west, with the light filtering through the tree branches. She took the first photo with the camera a bit above her head and to her left so she could get a photo looking down past her to the ground.  She then decided to take a second.  She took the second photo and didn’t like it so she deleted it. 

FIRST SELF-PHOTO OF JAN IN THE TREE STAND
SEPT 29, 2010 AT 6:21 PM Resolution 1024 x 768 (260 kb)

Suddenly the woods went quiet.  Noise stopped. The silence was “weird.”  It so surprised and unnerved her that she wrote a text message to her friend (thereby documenting this event):

Something is wrong.  The woods just went to a dead silence. No squirrels, no birds, no crickets.  Is odd!  (6:23 PM EDT)

She thought a coyote or maybe a black panther or some predator animal caused the quiet as she knows (as hunters know) that when a predator such as a bear, for example, enters an area the other animals tend to become quiet.  Then she became aware that a weird visual “effect” was moving rightward across her field of view at an apparent distance of maybe fifteen to twenty feet.  She described it as if looking through "saran wrap."  Perhaps a more apt comparison would be like looking at a mirage above a hot road.  She compared this distortion of the scene as being somewhat like the effect of the invisible creature in the PREDATOR movie!  This distortion was at a higher altitude than her 15 ft above the ground, perhaps about 25 ft above the ground..  She took her glasses off and rubbed her right eye thinking at first she had a floater (a mote in the eye).  But after rubbing it was still there and not a floater. 

It moved to her right from about 15 degrees to the right of straight ahead to about 45 degrees to the right (see the diagram below, not to scale). Then it disappeared...things looked normal and she could hear the normal sounds again.
As she recalls it, she held the camera in her right hand, about a foot and a half from her face (so that the scene in the viewing screen would be in focus for her eyes), pointed the camera in the direction of the distortion and took a picture.  As she recalls it the picture was taken immediately after the distortion disappeared.  The picture should show the nearby trees.  That’s not what the picture shows!


PHOTO TAKEN IN THE DIRECTION OF THE DISTORTION WHEN
LAST SEEN    SEPT 29, 2010 at 6:23 PM   Resolution:  528 x 400  (43.2 kb)

 A minute or so later she took two more pictures of herself, one of which is shown below.

THIRD SELF-PHOTO OF JAN IN THE TREE STAND
SEPT 29, 2010 at 6:23 PM   Resolution:  1024 x 768 (306 kb)


After sitting for an hour and a half more, she left the tree stand about 7:45 and came to dinner with our guests for the evening. She didn’t think to mention her strange experience. 

After dinner cleanup and a movie the guests were about to leave when I checked my  Facebook messages and saw one from Jan’s nephew, a high school student:  there was a sighting by a number of students and faculty at the high school during band practice just before dark.  The high school is about a mile north northwest of the tree stand.  He wrote,

We were playing tonight on the field, and just as it was starting to get dark, a huge bright light appears over the field and begins to move sideways, then in a matter of 5 seconds or so it disappeared, getting smaller almost every second. About 5 minutes later it reappeared, this time it was Amber in color. I know of 4 people who saw this, and according to an upperclassman, the same thing happened last year and they actually stopped rehearsal.

 I asked him what time this was and he responded “7:50 – 8:00 PM” or about an hour and a half after Jan’s “phenomenon.”

Whether or not this high school sighting was connected with what Jan saw, the fact is that it had an immediate effect on her when I mentioned this to Jan and other guests at the house.  She suddenly realized that she hadn’t told anyone of her own experience.  She then described in considerable detail what she recalled about the forest going silent and then the appearance of the moving “distortion.” Later on, in further discussion, she recalled that she had actually emailed a brief description of the forest going silent to her friend.  She also recalled that her ending phrase, “Is odd” (see text above) was an oblique reference to the moving distortion.  But she did not describe the distortion effect to her friend because she knew it would take a lot of text to fully explain what she had seen.  Instead she felt that she should stop texting and return her concentration to hunting.

During a further discussion the following day she recalled that she had taken the strange picture in the direction of the distortion after it seemed to have disappeared. 

ANALYSIS OF THE PHOTOGRAPH

The sudden silence in the forest was strange but nothing compared to the strangeness of the optical distortion that moved through the trees.  Whatever that was, it appears to have left its imprint in the photo Jan took.  Below is the above picture after some brightening.  The distortion moved from left to right near the top of the picture.


DISTORTION PHOTO AFTER SLIGHT BRIGHTENING

This picture below shows the scene as photographed under normal conditions the next day but an hour earlier.




COMPARISON PHOTO TAKEN UNDER NORMAL CONDITIONS
SEPT.  30 at 5:36 PM  resolution:  1024 x 768


As can be seen, the distortion photo should show trees and foliage in the forest at distances from about 10 ft to about 50 ft (and beyond).  The tree images should be sharply focused as they are in the preceding and following photos of herself.  There is just no way that the normal operation of the camera under normal optical conditions of the scene could result in the distortion picture. 

There are two other anomalies.  First, all the other pictures were taken are at a spatial resolution of 1024 pixels (horizontal) by 768 pixels (vertical), yet this single picture was taken at 528 x 400. Second, the other pictures had a "byte" size over 200 kb whereas the size of this picture is only 43.2 kb
Consider first the resolution. The camera has three settings for spatial resolution: "large", which corresponds to 1600 by 1200 pixels (ratio: 1.333), "medium" which corresponds to 1024 by 768 pixels (ratio: 1.337) and small, which corresponds to 640 by 480 pixels (ratio: 1.333; NTSC standard television resolution). However, the spatial resolution of the anomalous picture, as recorded by the phone, was 528 by 400 (ratio: 1.320). This is an abnormal spatial resolution. Jan did not try to change the resolution (she didn't even know how until this investigation determined how it is done with this camera) but even if she had tried, she couldn't have set the camera for 528 by 400! So, how did the camera get set to this unusual resolution?
With regard to the image size, note that the total image size in bytes is typically 200 kb or more for pictures at the "medium" resolution. However, the anomalous photo has a much smaller “byte size” and this isn’t just a result of the lower spatial resolution.  The pixel resolution ratio of the medium size to the anomalous size is (1024x768)/(528x400) = 3.7 whereas the “byte size” ratio is (using the 306 kb picture that follows the distortion picture) 306 kb/43.2 kb = 7.1.  The difference in the byte size ratio must be a result of reduced number of brightness levels, i.e., the “brightness scale” of the anomalous photo is considerably less than the same scale for the normal pictures.  (The photo processing program shows about 100,000 color levels for the normal pictures but only 27,000 for the anomalous photo.)
A “HAIRY” EXPERIMENT

The distortion picture looks like a collection of elongated reflections from a filamentary surface such as one might find in a photo of hair.  That’s not to suggest that Jan’s hair was in front of the camera because it couldn’t have been.  Jan’s hair was tied in a pony tail and she wore a cap over it.  The longest hair was draped over her shoulders and onto her back, as the pictures above show.   She held the camera about a foot and a half in front of her and to the right.  Aside from the fact that most of her hair was under the cap, her hair isn’t long enough to reach in front of the camera at a distance of 1 ½ ft.  Hence there is no way her hair could have been in front of  the camera.

Nevertheless, it is instructive to compare photos taken close to her hair with the distortion photo.  Two such photos are shown below.  They were taken with her hair rather spread out. The first of these photos shows what the hair looks like in varying levels of illumination by the sun which was low in the west. At the left side and center the hair is thick but at the right side it is “transparent” and one can see through the hair to the well focused background.  For the second photo the camera was held only an inch or so from her hair.


EXPERIMENT WITH SOLAR ILLUMINATION OF HAIR
The camera was about a foot from her hair


CLOSE-UP PHOTO OF HAIR
The camera was only an inch or so from the hair.


Examining the “hair photos” one can see a “stranding” effect that is somewhat similar to what appears in the distortion photo but there is very little of the color fringing or “rainbow” or “spectrum” effect (colors separated as with a glass prism) that appears everywhere in the distortion photo.  Where the hair is thin enough to be somewhat transparent one sees the background, perhaps dimly, but undistorted.  Thus one might conclude that if something like hair (fine strands) were placed in front of the camera the strands themselves would be out of focus but the background, if visible through the strands, would be in focus.


MAGNETIC EXPERIMENT

Occasionally there have been reports that suggest the presence of a strong magnetic field in the vicinity of a UFO.  Hence I tested the effect on the phone of a strong Alnico bar magnet.  The upper part of the Blackberry contains the viewing screen and the lower part contains the control buttons.  Placing the end of the magnet at the top of the phone had little or no discernible effect on photos taken.  When the magnet was moved to the lower half the camera “turned off,” the screen went blank and no photo could be taken, as if the magnetic field effected the electronics in the camera.  When the magnet was removed (moved several inches or more from the camera) the camera resumed normal operation.  On presumes, then, that if the camera had been immersed in a strong magnetic field due that accompanied the distortion, it would not have been able to take any picture.  This suggests then, that if the distortion were some sort of “impossible” magnetic effect, this effect was confined to a small volume of space at a distance from the camera.. 

CONCLUSION

There is no conclusion as yet.  This is offered as a reasonably well documented observation (with photo) of a strange optical effect combined with some strange effect on the camera.
APPENDIX
STRANGE LIGHTS
by M.P.
(Note: the following sighting occurred between 7:50 and 8:00 PM, about half an hour after sunset. The following provides further details of the sighting reported in the text above.)
This particular event took place on the 29th of September, Wednesday night, at an outdoor high school band rehearsal. It was dark behind us all and we had been practicing the same drill move maybe eight to ten times. I remember feeling that this was monotonous and I could tell by the groans and expressions of those around me that the monotony was getting to them as well. I remember the music being played was the last few measures of the song, "The Heat Is On In Saigon" from the Broadway musical, "Miss Saigon." The saxophone section stood right about the center of the field with the clarinet section right behind us. (You'll see why this is important.) All of a sudden I began to notice a bright light in the sky. There had been plenty of airplanes about earlier so I think my mind dismissed it as an airplane but, when the guy standing next to me yelled, "What the hell is that?" I knew it was something else (not an airplane). I looked up and the two of us followed it for about 3 to 5 seconds. Whatever this thing was, it moved to the right and got smaller as if it shrank more every second and then it was gone, as if it had never been there. I actually remember looking over at the guy next to me, just as he looked at me, with his mouth agape and my eyes were probably wide open. The thing is, we were dumbfounded. It all happened so quickly our minds couldn't process it. I think I was trying to rationalize when my mind said "airplane" but then I said to myself, "No, airplanes don't disappear and they aren't bright white circles." A few minutes had probably passed by this time and I don't even think the two of us (my friend and I) even played for a while. Instead, we kind of just stared at the sky. By this time the fellow next to me had started asking people around us if they had seen it. He asked the girl saxophone player who stood in our row if she had seen it. She just got a sort of worried look on her face and went back to marching, dismissing what she had just heard. By this time I'd say 5 to 8 minutes has passed since the initial light had disappeared and suddenly is appeared again. This time it was smaller and amber in color. It continued to travel on its course (to the right) and disappeared into the starry night. We saw nothing else after this but every once in a while I felt I would see something out of the corner of my eye, but I was probably just imagining things.

Tuesday, June 9, 2020

Mind Treasury: The non-partisan #truth about the #racialunrest #policebrutality #whiteprivilege and #institutionalracism debates, and solutions for the USA - If it doesn't fit your narrative, too bad! The facts give zero craps about your mind traps!: http://mindtreasury.blogspot.com/2020/06/the-non-partisan-truth-about-racial.html

Mind Treasury: The non-partisan #truth about the #racialunrest #policebrutality #whiteprivilege and #institutionalracism debates, and solutions for the USA - If it doesn't fit your narrative, too bad! The facts give zero craps about your mind traps!: http://mindtreasury.blogspot.com/2020/06/the-non-partisan-truth-about-racial.html 

Wednesday, February 26, 2020

Washington Webcam Bigfoot Debunked - Coast to Coast AM https://www.coasttocoastam.com/article/washington-webcam-bigfoot-debunked/#.Xlc0mSQo_xk.twitter

Washington Webcam Bigfoot Debunked - Coast to Coast AM https://www.coasttocoastam.com/article/washington-webcam-bigfoot-debunked/#.Xlc0mSQo_xk.twitter 

Wednesday, February 19, 2020

Best evidence...

Best Evidence for the Existence of Sasquatch - Forensic, Audio, Video, Photo, Statistical Data: http://undebunkingbigfoot.blogspot.com/2014/02/best-evidence-for-existence-of.html

Tuesday, February 11, 2020

Pennsylvania Bigfoot reports spike largely in 2019

http://www.stangordon.info/wp/2020/01/05/2019-an-epic-year-for-ufo-and-cryptid-encounters-in-pennsylvania/

6 more mythical monsters


History Stories
UPDATED:AUG 22, 2018ORIGINAL:FEB 18, 2014
6 Mythical Monsters
From birds of prey with fearsome strength to rooster-snake hybrids capable of killing with their eyes, find out more about six legendary beasts from history.
EVAN ANDREWS
1. Kraken
Maritime lore is filled with tales of vicious sea serpents and scaly-skinned fish men, but few creatures of the deep have struck fear into sailors’ hearts like the mighty kraken. Tracing its origins back to a giant fish from Norse mythology called the hafgufa, the kraken first entered popular folklore as a titanic octopus or squid spotted by fishermen off the coasts of Norway and Greenland. One 18th century account by Bishop Erik Pontoppidan described it as a squid-like beast so large that when any part of its body stuck out of the water it resembled a floating island. The kraken supposedly used its many tentacles to ensnare ships’ masts and drag them to the icy depths, but it could also create a deadly whirlpool just by submerging itself underwater. Tales of the kraken’s wrath might be embellished, but the creature itself is not entirely fanciful. The legend may have been inspired by sightings of actual giant squid, and some paleontologists have argued that the prehistoric oceans were once home to 100-foot-long cephalopods that fed on whale-sized Ichthyosaurs.

2. Griffin
An intimidating blend of two different predators, the griffin was said to possess the body and back legs of a lion as well as the wings, beak and talons of a hawk or eagle. Tales of the flying behemoths most likely originated in the Middle East, but they later became a popular motif in ancient Greek literature. The griffin legend was later picked up in the 14th century in a largely fictional travelogue by Sir John Mandeville, who described the creatures as “more strong than eight lions” and “a hundred eagles.” Griffins were revered for their intelligence and dedication to monogamy—they supposedly mated for life—but they could also be ferocious. The beasts ripped flesh with their razor sharp talons, and they were also known to fly their victims to great heights before dropping them to their deaths. According to researcher Adrienne Mayor, legends of the griffin could be inspired by early encounters with dinosaur fossils. Scythian nomads in central Asia may have stumbled across the bones of the dinosaur protoceratops and mistook them for a bird-like creature, resulting in the myth of a terrifying flying beast.

3. Manticore
One of the most forbidding of all mythical creatures, the manticore was a bloodthirsty quadruped that supposedly sported the head of a blue-eyed man, the auburn body of a lion and the stinging tail of a scorpion. The legend of this deadly hybrid first began with Greek authors such as Ctesias, who chronicled it in a book about India. Ctesias and others described the manticore as having three rows of teeth like a shark and a tuneful bellow that sounded like a trumpet. Most terrifying of all, it had an insatiable appetite for human flesh. After using its blistering speed to chase down its prey, the beast was said to slash at them with its claws or sting them with its tail before devouring them bones and all. According to Ctesias, the manticore was even capable of paralyzing or killing its victims from a distance by firing stingers from its tail “as if from a bow.”

4. Basilisk
Credit: DeAgostini/Getty Images)

Accounts of the fearsome basilisk date back to the first century Roman writer Pliny the Elder, whose famous “Natural History” included entries on fantastical creatures and exotic races of deformed men. Pliny described the basilisk as a snake-like animal with markings on its head that resembled a crown, but by the Middle Ages it had morphed into a fiendish serpent with the head of a rooster and the wings of a dragon or bat. The basilisk was said to possess a deadly bite and venomous breath, but it could also kill a man just by looking at him. Would-be basilisk hunters countered this death stare by carrying mirrors in the hope that the creature would meet its own gaze and drop dead, but they also enlisted the help of weasels, which were believed to be immune to its poison. The basilisk supposedly originated in North Africa, but tales of European encounters with it are found throughout the Middle Ages. One particularly dubious account from 1587 in Poland describes how a man clad in a mirror-covered leather suit hunted and captured a basilisk after it killed two small girls and a nursemaid.

5. Blemmyae
Along with legends of grotesque monsters and sea creatures, ancient and medieval travelers often returned to Europe with tales of so-called “wild men” living in the unmapped regions of Asia and Africa. One of the most unusual groups was the Blemmyae, a race of hairy primitives who lacked heads but had a face situated in their upper body. The tribe first appeared in Herodotus’s “The Histories,” where they were described as a species of “headless men” from North Africa “who have their eyes in their chests.” References to the Blemmyae or creatures like them later cropped up in writings by Pliny the Elder, the reports of Sir Walter Raleigh and even in Shakespeare’s “Othello.” Their exotic appearance served as an object of both fascination and disgust for Europeans, and they became a common motif in folklore and art in the pre-Enlightenment era. Other famous “wild men” included the Sciopodes, who had a single leg with a foot so large it could double as a parasol; the cannibalistic Anthropophagi; and the Cynocephali, a race of creatures with the bodies of men and the heads of dogs.

6. Roc
A popular myth among travelers and merchants, the roc was a giant bird of prey rumored to be so strong that it could snatch an elephant from the ground. Stories of the giant fowls originated in Arabic fairytales and mythology before making their way to the West in accounts by travelers like Marco Polo, who noted that the roc’s preferred hunting method was to drop its victims from deadly heights and then “prey upon the carcass.” The Moroccan wanderer Ibn Batutta later wrote that he once confused a roc for a floating mountain because of its size, and other legends stated that its wingspan—typically described as being about 50 feet—was so huge that it could blot out the sun. Researchers have since suggested that the roc legend may be partially inspired by sightings of so-called “elephant birds,” a species of massive, flightless birds that existed in Madagascar until as recently as the 17th century.

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BY EVAN ANDREWS
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Monday, February 10, 2020

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FBI investigates Bigfoot

History Stories
Bigfoot Was Investigated by the FBI. Here's What They Found
UPDATED:JAN 22, 2020ORIGINAL:JUN 6, 2019
Bigfoot Was Investigated by the FBI. Here's What They Found
BECKY LITTLE

Legends of large, ape-like beasts can be found all over the world. Since the 1950s, the United States’ version of this has been “Bigfoot.” And since 1976, the FBI has had a file on him.

That year, Director Peter Byrne of the Bigfoot Information Center and Exhibition in The Dalles, Oregon, sent the FBI “about 15 hairs attached to a tiny piece of skin.” Byrne wrote that his organization couldn’t identify what kind of animal it came from, and was hoping the FBI might analyze it. He also wanted to know if the FBI had analyzed suspected Bigfoot hair before; and if so, what the bureau’s conclusion was.

Hair samples sent into the FBI for testing, believed to be from Bigfoot.

Federal Bureau of Investigation

At the time, “Byrne was one of the more prominent Bigfoot researchers,” says Benjamin Radford, deputy editor of Skeptical Inquirer magazine. “In 2019, a lot of people think of Bigfoot as being sort of silly and a joke, or whatever else. But in the 1970s, Bigfoot was really, really popular. That was when The Six Million Dollar Man had a cameo by Bigfoot.” 

This was also after Roger Patterson and Robert Gimlin released their famous video footage in 1967 supposedly showing Bigfoot in Northern California. It’s worth noting that the original “evidence” that launched the Bigfoot craze—a trail of oversized footprints discovered in the same region in 1958—was revealed to be a prank by logger Ray L. Wallace in 2002. Many people believe the “Bigfoot” creature in the Patterson-Gimlin film was a costumed prankster as well. Byrne has always believed the footage is real.

Jay Cochran, Jr., assistant director of the FBI’s scientific and technical services division, wrote back to Byrne that he couldn’t find any evidence of the FBI analyzing suspected Bigfoot hair, and that the FBI usually only examined physical evidence related to criminal investigations. Still, it sometimes made exceptions “in the interest of research and scientific inquiry,” and Cochran said he’d make such an exception for Byrne.

READ MORE: People Have Been Chasing Bigfoot for 60 Years—Here's How It Began

Unsurprisingly, Cochran found that the hair didn’t belong to Bigfoot. In early 1977, he sent the hair back to Byrne along with his scientific conclusion: “the hairs are of deer family origin.” Four decades later, the bureau declassified its “Bigfoot file” about this analysis.

The FBI’s official Bigfoot testing results.

Federal Bureau of Investigation

To be clear, this is not evidence that the FBI endorsed the existence of Bigfoot, any more than the U.S. military’s decades-long investigation of unexplained aerial phenomena, popularly known as UFOs, is an endorsement of the existence of aliens.

“All it means is the FBI did a favor to a Bigfoot researcher,” Radford says. “There’s nothing wrong with that, but it shouldn’t be mistaken for de facto government endorsement of the reality of Bigfoot.” 

Even so, Bigfoot believers may be tempted to spin it that way. “They love the idea that there’s a smoking gun in the FBI files—‘See, look, Bigfoot must be real, otherwise the FBI wouldn’t have taken it seriously,’” he continues. “Well, the FBI didn’t send out a team of investigators to look for Bigfoot, they agreed to run an analysis of 15 hairs."

To add more layers to what is already an unusual case, 93-year-old Byrne doesn’t seem to remember receiving the FBI’s response that the “Bigfoot hair” was actually deer hair.

Because Byrne had been out of the country for several months, Cochran sent the letter to the executive vice president of the Academy of Applied Science, which was associated with Byrne’s Bigfoot organization. The executive wrote that he would give Byrne copies of the correspondence when he returned. Yet when the FBI released its Bigfoot file—which was exclusively about Byrne’s inquiry—on June 5, 2019, Byrne reacted as though he were hearing that it was deer hair for the first time.

“Obviously I can’t speak for Peter Byrne,” Radford says. But “if you’re going to make a big enough deal about this unknown specimen to give it to the FBI, then you’re not going to want to publicize the fact that it turned out to be deer.”

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BY BECKY LITTLE
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Saturday, February 8, 2020

How the Bigfoot legend began


History Stories
How the Bigfoot Legend Began
UPDATED:JAN 22, 2020ORIGINAL:JUL 30, 2018
How the Bigfoot Legend Began
BECKY LITTLE

In 1958, journalist Andrew Genzoli of the Humboldt Times highlighted a fun, if dubious, letter from a reader about loggers in northern California who’d discovered mysteriously large footprints. “Maybe we have a relative of the Abominable Snowman of the Himalayas,” Genzoli jokingly wrote in his September 21 column alongside the letter.

Later, Genzoli said that he’d simply thought the mysterious footprints “made a good Sunday morning story.” But to his surprise, it really fascinated readers. In response, Genzoli and fellow Humboldt Times journalist Betty Allen published follow-up articles about the footprints, reporting the name loggers had given to the so-called creature who left the tracks—“Big Foot.” And so a legend was born.

“There are various wild man myths from all over the world,” says Joshua Blu Buhs, author of Bigfoot: The Life and Times of a Legend. In western Canada, the Sts’ailes First Nation have the “Sasq’ets,” the supposed origin of the word “Sasquatch.” However, the modern U.S. concept of bigfoot can be traced quite directly to the Humboldt Times stories in 1958.

“People later go back and dig through old newspapers and stuff and find scattered reports of a wild man here, a wild man there,” he says. “But it doesn’t coalesce into a general discussion until the ‘50s.”

Even though loggers blamed acts of vandalism on Bigfoot, Allen thought that most of them didn’t really believe in the creature. It seemed to her that they were just passing along stories with a “legendary flavor.” Still, the story spread to newspapers all over the country, and the TV show Truth or Consequences offered $1,000 to anyone who could prove the existence of Bigfoot.

A cast of a foot track, obtained in Bluff Creek, California, at the Bigfoot Institute run by Daniel Perez. (Credit: Irfan Khan/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)

“Who is making the huge 16-inch tracks in the vicinity of Bluff Creek?” Genzoli wrote in one of his columns that October. “Are the tracks a human hoax? Or, are they the actual marks of a huge but harmless wild-man, traveling through the wilderness? Can this be some legendary sized animal?”

Once Bigfoot’s story went public, it became a character in men’s adventure magazines and cheap trade paperback novels. In these stories, he—for Bigfoot was definitely a “he”—was a primal, dangerous creature out of the past who lurked in the modern wilderness. By the 1970s, pseudo-documentaries were investigating his existence and films were portraying him as a sexual predator.

In the ‘80s, Bigfoot showed his softer side. He became “associated with environmentalism, and a symbol of the wilderness that we need to preserve,” Buhs says. One big example is the 1987 movie Harry and the Hendersons, which portrayed Bigfoot as a friendly, misunderstood creature in need of protection from John Lithgow and his family.

So why has the Bigfoot legend persisted for 60 years? “It takes on its own momentum because it is a media icon,” Buh suggests.

Just as no one really needs to explain that characters who turn into wolves during a full moon are werewolves, no one needs to explain who a hairy man-ape walking out of the woods would be. “It’s just something that’s easy to refer to,” Buh says. That would be Bigfoot.

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BY BECKY LITTLE
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